Unit+1

media type="custom" key="5509185"

Unit 1

 * Civilization**- a complex society or culture group characterized by dependence upon agriculture, long-distance trade, state form of government, occupational


 * Code -** ** Computing program instructions. **


 * Focus -** the center of interest or activity

 **Patriarchal**- the structuring of family units based on the man, as father figure, having primary authority over the rest of the family members


 * Pharaoh**- ruler in ancient egypt


 * Judaism**- a set of beliefs and practices originating in the Hebrew Bible


 * Monotheistic**- belief in one god


 * Covenant**- a solemn promise to engage in or refrain from a specified action.prophets- a person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God

**Prophet**: a person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God. 
 * Caste System**- a combined social system of occupation, endogamy, culture, social class, and political power.
 * Network -** an arrangement of intersecting horizontal and vertical lines.


 * Hinduism**- predominant religion of the Indian subcontinent.


 * Buddhist**- a path of salvation attained through insight into the ultimate nature of reality.

**Core -** an important or unchanging group of people forming the central part of a larger body.


 * Confucianism**- is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius

**// Identify //**

**Hammurabi - the sixth king of the first dynasty of Babylonia, reigned1792–1750 bc. He extended the Babylonian empire and instituted one of the earliest known collections of laws. King Solomon - the builder of the First Temple in Jerusalem Aryans - a member of a people speaking an Indo-European language who invaded northern India in the 2nd millennium B.C.

Siddhartha Gautama - a spiritual teacher who founded Buddhism.

Confucius -** His ideas about the importance of practical moral values, collected by his disciples in the Analects, formed the basis of the philosophy known as Confucianism.


 * // Questions: //**

**#1 - What principle was a fundamental part of the Code of Hammurabi? The Code of Hammurabi, a collection of 282 laws, was based on strict justice. Hammurabi wanted to keep order and prevent conflict.
 * 1) 2 - What was the Egyptian belief of “divine kingship?” Kingship was thought to be divine and the pharaoh was considered equal to other deities
 * 1) 3 - How was Judaism different from other Eastern religions? Judaism focuses on the idea of one god, while the other religions believe in many gods.


 * 1) 4 - What was the caste system in India? virtually all things, people, and groups of people are ranked according to various essential qualities. If one is attuned to the theme of hierarchy in India, one can discern it everywhere. Although India is a political democracy, in daily life there is little advocacy of or adherence to notions of equality.


 * 1) 5 - What gave Chinese rulers the right to rule?** Divine Right of Kings

Unit 2
**// Define: //**


 * polis** - a city-state in ancient Greece, esp. as considered in its ideal form for philosophical purposes. 

**goal -** the object of a person's ambition or effort; an aim or desired result 


 * adult -** <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">a fully developed person from maturity onward


 * tyrant** - someone who has taken power by force


 * democracy** - the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives


 * oligarchy** - a political system governed by a few people; dominated by the military


 * direct democracy** - All eligible participants vote on everything


 * philosophy** - a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school


 * Socratic method** - a method of teaching by question and answer; used by Socrates (sock-ruh-teez) to elicit truths from his students

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">**foundation -** <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">the basis on which something is grounded

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">**// Identify //**

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">**Pericles** - (495 – 429 BC) promoted the arts and literature started an ambitious project that built most of the surviving structures on the Acropolis

(469 BC-399 BC) has become renowned for his contribution to the field of ethics his ideas and approach remained strong in providing a foundation for much western philosophy that followed.
 * Socrates** -

(428/427 BC – 348/347 BC) helped to lay the foundations of natural philosophy, science, and Western Philosophy. his mentor was Socrates, and his student was Aristotle
 * Plato** -

(384 BC – 322 BC) writings constitute a first at creating a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality and aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics.
 * Aristotle** -

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Powerful City-States:
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Sparta Athens

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Greek Philosophers-
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Socrates Plato Aristotle

Unit 3
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
 * What were the three different types of residents in a polis?**

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**What is the Socratic method?** a form of inquiry and debate between individuals with opposing viewpoints based on asking and answering questions to stimulate rational thinking and to illuminate ideas. =<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19px;"> **// Define: // republic** - a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them = <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
 * patrician** - a person of refined upbringing and manners


 * plebeian** - one of the common people


 * Senate** - assembly possessing high legislative powers


 * Christianity** - a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament


 * Catholic Church** - any of several churches claiming to have maintained historical continuity with the original Christian Church

**// Questions: //**

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">#1 How did the Twelve Tables differ from the Law of Nations? **

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">#3 What attracted people to Christianity? **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">#2 What were some of the ** **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">administrative ** **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">achievements of the Roman Empire? **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

Unit 4

 * // Define //** :

grant feudalism common law Magna Carta confer parliament**
 * Islam


 * // Identify: //**

Charlemagne Middle Ages Edward I Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci Protestant Reformation Martin Luther
 * Muhammad

// Questions: //**
 * 1 How did Islam help to unite the regions of the Middle East?


 * 1) 2 What system replaced centralized power in Europe in the Middle Ages?


 * 1) 3 What was the benefit of instituting the common law?


 * 1) 4 What were some of the developments of the High Middle Ages?


 * 1) 5 What was the effect of the Reformation on religious life in Europe?**

Unit 5
Islam Feudalism Parliament Renaissance Reformation

[|Protestant Reformation]

1. Monotheistic 2. Belief in afterlife 3. Must obey the will of Allah 4. Five Pillars of Islam 5. Hajj
 * New patterns of civilization:**


 * How did Islam help to unite the regions of the Middle East?** <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Jews, Christians, and Muslims share a connection, as all three groups were “people of the book,” or Torah. Unlike the Christians, however, Islam and the state were virtually identical.


 * What system replaced centralized power in Europe in the Middle Ages?** Feudalism


 * What was the benefit of instituting the common law?** The benefits of common law set a base for all of the world to follow. Setting common law up so far in the past proved to be a huge success, because we still have common law today and will hopefully have it forever.


 * What were some of the developments of the High Middle Ages?** Expanded the royal courts’ powers to cover more criminal and property cases. Because the royal courts were all over the land, a body of common law—law common to the whole kingdom—began to replace varying local codes and the The English Parliament emerged


 * What was the effect of the Reformation on religious life in Europe?** Renaissance humanists questioned the fundamental beliefs and institution of the Catholic church, leading to the Protestant Reformation.