Geography

Unit 1

 * 1) Name the five themes of geography.** Location, Place, Region, Movement, People


 * 2) Which two continents are bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean?** Africa and Europe


 * 3) How much of the earth's surface is water?** 70%


 * 4) What are the four layers of the earth?** Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust


 * 5) What is the difference between Weathering and Erosion?** Weathering is the process of breaking down rock. Erosion is the movement of weathered materials like soil, sand, and gravel.


 * 6) What are two kinds of Weathering?** Mechanical and Chemical. Mechanical physically breaks down large pieces of rocks. Chemical changes a rocks chemical makeup.

Unit 2
Latitude, Ocean Currents, and the Sun's rays
 * 1) Name Three things that affect weather.**

Towards the Equator
 * 2) Map Skills; In what directions do the prevailing winds move in the low latitudes.**

Forest, Grassland, Desert, Tundra
 * 3) What are four main ecosystems.**

Low Bushes, and Small Evergreen Trees
 * 4) Chart Skills; What kind of plants are found in chaparral forests.**

Unit 3

 * 1) In what kinds of places would you expect to find the greatest population density?** Probably places that have an abundance in land and food and is not full of poverty, and also places that have good government and freedom.


 * 2) What was the World's population in 1950?** Somewhere between 2 and 2.5 billion


 * 3) How is the way a monarch gets power different from a democratic country?**


 * 4) In which economic system is the government most involved?** Command economy.

Unit 4

 * 1) How can recycling help with the problem of some nonrenewable sources?** Minerals can be used again. Modern countries depend on energy from fossil fuels.


 * 2) Why might a manufacturer prefer to depend on water power instead of oil?** It's renewable


 * 3) How does subsistence farming differ from the commercial farming?** With subsistence farming, you grow only enough for your own family or village.Commercial farming is when farmers raise crops and animals to be sold for profit.


 * 4) What type of economic activity is firefighting?** Tertiary

Units 5 and 6

 * 1) Name two features shared by the United States and Canada.** High mountain chains in the west, plains in the central area, and lower mountains in the east. The Rocky Mountains form the continental divide, a boundary that separates rivers flowing toward opposite sides of a continent.


 * 2) Which oceans border the Unites Sates and Canada?** Atlantic and the Pacific


 * 3) Name three natural resources that have helped the United Sates to become wealthy.** Fossil fuels, coal, oil

a. rich, natural resources b. good systems of transportation and communication c. free-enterprise system d. hardworking people
 * 4) What four factors have contributed to the economic success of the United Sates?**


 * 5) Why did the first U.S. cities develop near the Atlantic Ocean?** Transportation was a huge factor. The first U.S. cities were Atlantic Ocean ports, where goods were shipped to and from Europe.


 * 6) Which place serves the smallest area?** Farm

Unit 7

 * 1) Name two ways that rivers were important in helping the Northeast to grow.** Northeast waters made a center of trade, business, and industry. The North Atlantic Ocean was a rich source of fish. The region’s fast-flowing rivers provided power for early factories that made shoes, cloth, and other goods.


 * 2) Which seven states of the Northeast border the Atlantic Ocean?** Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersey


 * 3) What are two reason for the South's rapid growth?** it was rich in resources and had become a popular place to live and work. Some of the largest oil reserves in the United States are/were located in the South.


 * 4) Which states border the Gulf of Mexico?** Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia


 * 5) Why is the Midwest called "The Nation's Breadbasket"?** the region’s farms are among the most productive in the world.


 * 6) Which six states of the Midwest border the Great Lakes?** Minnesota, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois.


 * 7) How does Los Angeles Provide enough water for its population?** It brings in water through aqueducts, or pipes that carry water over long distances.


 * 8) What ocean borders the West?** The Pacific Ocean

Unit 8

 * 1) In which region do more than half of Canada's people live?** Ontario and Quebec, the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence area.


 * 2) What are Canada's three Prairie Provinces?** Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan


 * 3) What do separatists in Quebec want?** they wanted Quebec to withdraw from the rest of the country


 * 4) What country in Europe is the original place of origin for most Canadians?**


 * 5) What challenge does Canada face in developing its natural resources?** extracting natural resources without harming the environment.


 * 6) Which country has a higher per capita GDP?** the United States

Unit 9
Market - allows economic decisions to be deter- mined by supply and demand Traditional - families produce goods and services for their own use. Command - government makes the decisions
 * 1) What are the three different economic systems in Latin America?** market economy, traditional economy, and command economy.


 * 2) What bodies of water border Central America?** Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean

Unit 10

 * 1) In what part of Mexico do most of its people live?** The Plateau of Mexico


 * 2) What peninsula is in Northwestern Mexico?** Baja California


 * 3) Name two of Mexico's most important industries.** Oil and Tourism


 * 4) What are the three cultures that make up Mexico today?** Ancient Indian, Colonial Spanish, Modern Mexican

Unit 11

 * 1) What is the main occupation of most people in Central America?** poor farmers with little political power.


 * 2) Which five countries of Central America border both the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea?** Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama


 * 3) What islands get more rain, windward islands or leeward islands?** the windward islands


 * 4) What bodies of water surround the Caribbean islands?** Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Pacific Ocean

Unit 12

 * 1) What region is Brazil's economic heartland?** the southeast region


 * 2) What city is located on the Amazon River?** Manaus?


 * 3) What has Brazil done to encourage the development of the country's interior region?** the government gave away land and mining permits


 * 4) How did the percentage of people living in cities change from 1974 to 1994?** it went from 60% urban to 78% urban

Unit 13

 * 1) Which country in the northern tropics is rich in oil?** Venezuela’s is based on oil


 * 2) What is the name for the climate zone where coffee is grown?** Tierra Templada


 * 3) Which of the Andean countries has the smallest Indian population?** Chile


 * 4) Which of the Andean countries has the smallest population?** Suriname


 * 5) What is the wealthiest country of South America?** Argentina is the wealthiest country in South America.


 * 6) In what countries is the Gran Chaco located?** Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia

Unit 14

 * 1) Why is Western Europe one of the most densely populated regions in the world? The North Atlantic Drift, along with winds known as the prevailing westerlies, creates milder climates than those of other regions located at the same latitudes. The varying altitudes throughout Europe affect the vegetation and animal life of the region. **


 * 2) According to the map, to which Western European country have Turkish citizens migrated?** Germany


 * 1) What part of England is a center of industry?** the midlands


 * 2) Map Skills What places make up the United Kingdom?** England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales


 * 3) Where do most people live in Scotland?** glasgow


 * 4) Which part of the United Kingdom has the second largest population?** glasgow


 * 5) What religions divide the people of Ireland?** Presbyterian Church


 * 6) In what year did the Republic of Ireland become independent?** 1949


 * 7) What is a mixed economy?** an economic system that combines private and state enterprises
 * 8) Which three Nordic nations have land that lies north of the Arctic Circle**? finland, sweden and norway


 * 1) Where is the center of France’s manufacturing region?** Paris Basin in the north


 * 2) What countries of Central Western Europe border France?** Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland


 * 3. Why is the Ruhr Valley important to Germany?** Because it is rich in coal and produces most of Germany’s iron and steel


 * 4) What mountain range is in southern Germany?** The Alps


 * 5) How do the Dutch use the land they took from the sea?** Because the land mass of their country is small, reclaiming land from the sea increases the area available for agriculture, although it is on ongoing project to prevent the sea from taking it back again.


 * 6)** **Which Benelux country has the largest population?** Germany


 * 7) Which war brought an end to the Austro-Hungarian Empire?** World war I


 * 8)** ** About how many refugees have gone to Switzerland? about 100,000 give or take. **

Unit 17

 * 1) On what peninsula are Spain and Portugal located?** Meseta


 * 2) On what body of water is Lisbon located?** Atlantic Ocean


 * 3) Why have many southern Italians moved to the north?** To find jobs because the dirt not ideal for farming


 * 4) What mountains form Italy’s northern border?** Alps


 * 5) What makes Greece a part of the Mediterranean region?** Because they both share a very important yet similar place in world history


 * 6) Which country has the highest population?** Italy


 * 7) Which one has the lowest life expectancy?** Portugal

Unit 18

 * 1) How has the geography of Central Europe and Northern Eurasia affected the movement of people across the region?** Nearly this entire area is very flat land making it quite easy too travel across, one of the only put downs is the fact that the winter is the second coldest in the world.


 * 2) What country of Central Europe and Northern Eurasia is the largest? Russia **

Unit 19

 * 1) What helped Poles keep their national identity**? Their attachment to the land has helped them keep their national identity. So has their religion.


 * 2) Why do you think Gdan ́sk is an important city?** Gdańsk is situated at the mouth of the Motława River, connected to the Leniwka, a branch in the delta of the nearby Vistula River, whose waterway system supplies 60% of the area of Poland and connects Gdańsk to the national capital in Warsaw. This gives the city a unique advantage as the center of Poland's sea trade.


 * 3) What united these countries in the years after World War II?** the Soviet Union placed a Communist government in Czechoslovakia. In the late 1980s, Czechoslovakia ended Communist rule. and all of the surrounding countries saw this as a good choice.


 * 4) What river forms part of the border between Slovakia and Hungary?** Danube River


 * 5) What does the word balkanize mean?** The Balkan Peninsula was ruled by the Turks for 500 years. After World War I, the region broke up into small unfriendly countries. This event led to a new word— balkanize


 * 6) How many countries have been created since Yugoslavia broke up?** 6 serbia, montenegro, croatia, slovenia, bosnia and herzegovina, macedonia


 * 7) What have the Baltic states done since independence to improve their economies?** Since independence, the Baltic states have privatized industries and encouraged foreign investment and trade. They have also begun to diversify, or increase the variety of, their industries.


 * 8) What is the largest nation in the Baltic states and border nations region?** Ukraine What is the smallest? Estonia

Unit 20

 * 1) What is chernozem?** is a black-coloured soil containing a very high percentage of humus 3% to 15%, and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia. Chernozem is very fertile and produces a high agricultural yield.


 * 2) What is the capital of Russia?** Moscow


 * 3) What policies did the Russian government establish during the late 1980s?** Glasnost, Economic restructuring


 * 4) What happened in 1237 in Russia?** Mongols overrun kievan state


 * 5) How many people living in Russia consider themselves Russian?** More than 80 percent


 * 6) Which nation has a stronger economy—Russia or the United States? Why?** Because we live longer have more money and we outnumber them nearly 3 to 1

Unit 21

 * 1) What three monotheistic religions began in Southwest Asia?** Judaism, Islam and Christianity
 * 2) Which four Central and Southwest Asian countries border the Caspian Sea?** Kazakstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, and Baku


 * 1) What is genocide?** The systematic and widespread extermination or attempted extermination of an entire national, racial, religious, or ethnic group.
 * 2) Which nation’s population will increase the least by 2025?** Georgia


 * 3) What is the most practiced religion in Central Asia?** Islamic


 * 4) Map Skills What Central Asian country is the largest?** Kazakhstan


 * 1) What two groups claimed Palestine?** Arabs and Jews


 * 2) What countries became British mandates?** Iraq palestine and Trans-Jordan


 * 3) How has the land of Israel been changed**? Today the Negev Desert, which covers half of Israel, has been turned into fertile farmland.


 * 4) What four countries border Israel**? Syria, Jordan, Lebannon and Egypt


 * 5) How did war hurt agriculture in Jordan?** After the 1967 Arab-Israeli war, Jordan lost its fertile farmland on the West Bank to Israel.


 * 6) In what years were there Arab-Israeli wars?** '46, '56, '67 '73, and '82


 * 7) Why are countries on the Arabian Peninsula investing money in other industries besides oil**? fish- ing, trading, herding, and growing crops in the oases.


 * 8) Which is the largest country in the Arabian Peninsula**? Saudi Arabia


 * 9) How did Atatürk change Turkey?** His goal was to make Turkey a modern coun- try. He separated the Islamic religion and the government.


 * 10) Which country - Turkey, Iran, or Cyprus - has the largest population?** Turkey